en گزارش مورد/موارد Case/Series Report <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#44546a">Aims: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">A catastrophic side effect of retroperitoneal perforation after ERCP is the development of pneumothorax. Due to this fatal unexpected complication, clinicians and gastrointestinal specialists should observe the patients regarding ERCP by proper physical examination.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#44546a">Patient & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">The patient was a 52-year-old woman with CBD stone who underwent surgery for severe abdominal pain after ERCP, but because of her general condition deterioration after surgery and the evidence of pneumothorax in chest x-ray, she underwent chest tube insertion and tissue debridement of necrotic tissue.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#44546a">Findings</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Pancreatitis is a common complication post-ERCP; However, it tends to be right-sided or bilateral, while in our case, the pneumothorax involves the left side. This scarcity seems to be <s>as</s> a result of the adhesions between the retroperitoneum and anterior aortic sheath as an anatomic barrier.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#44546a">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> Post-ERCP pneumothorax can occur in different pathophysiological ways, but the most important step in this regard is to identify this ominous complication and take appropriate treatment as soon as possible.</span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Cholangiopancreatography,Endoscopic Retrograde,Complication Pneumothorax, 51 54 http://jccs.yums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-211-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 M. Kuhestani parizi med77_kuhestani@yahoo.com 10031947532846004581 10031947532846004581 No Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran A. Arabi medicine1380@yahoo.com 10031947532846004582 10031947532846004582 Yes Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran F. Zeidabadi 10031947532846004583 10031947532846004583 No Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran S. Zand 10031947532846004584 10031947532846004584 No Student Research Committee, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran