en Infection Control Infection Control توصيفی و نظرسنجی Descriptive Study <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#44546a">Aims:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"> <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is a common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in hospitals. Quinolones work by blocking bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, but the presence of qnr genes enables bacteria to survive despite these drugs. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility and the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (<i>qnrA, qnrB, qnrS</i>) in these isolates.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#44546a">Instruments & Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"> In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 142 <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were collected from UTI patients at Imam Sajjad and Kosar hospitals in Yasuj and Shiraz, Iran, during 2020-2021. The disk diffusion method assessed resistance to various antibiotics, with a focus on quinolones. Multiplex PCR was used to detect <i>qnrA, qnrB,</i> and <i>qnrS</i> genes in quinolone-resistant isolates.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#44546a">Findings:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"> Ciprofloxacin showed the highest resistance rate (60.6%). Sensitivity was comparatively higher for sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (39.4%) and nalidixic acid (39.7%). The <i>qnrA</i>, <i>qnrB</i>, and <i>qnrS</i> genes were found in 31.4%, 55.8%, and 10.5% of isolates, respectively. Coexistence of <i>qnrA</i> and <i>qnrB</i> occurred in 11 isolates, while <i>qnrB</i> and <i>qnrS</i> coexisted in 5 isolates. One isolate exhibited all three genes.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#44546a">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"> The study reveals a substantial prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates from UTIs in these hospitals.</span></span></span></span></span> Klebsiella Pneumoniae,Antibiotic,Drug Resistance,Quinolones,Genes, 151 156 http://jccs.yums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-306-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 F. Rrashidpour 10031947532846003937 10031947532846003937 No Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran F. Mazloomirad 10031947532846003938 10031947532846003938 No Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran S.S. Khoramrooz 10031947532846003939 10031947532846003939 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran A. Sharifi 10031947532846003940 10031947532846003940 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran M.A. Ghatee 10031947532846003941 10031947532846003941 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran S.R. Khosravani 10031947532846003942 10031947532846003942 No Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran A. Mansourian 10031947532846003943 10031947532846003943 No Department of Anesthesia, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran S.A. Khosravani 10031947532846003944 10031947532846003944 Yes Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran