fa پژوهشی اصيل Original Research <strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of individual psychotherapy with a focus on self-efficacy on quality of life in patients with thalassemia major.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>In this randomized clinical trial study in 2016, among patients with thalassemia major referring to Cooley&#39;s anemia ward of Shahid Rajaie Hospital in Gachsaran, Iran, 50 eligible patients were selected by convenience sampling method. They were assigned in intervention (n=25) and control (n=25) groups by quadratic block randomization. Each of 50 subjects signed the informed written consent. Demographic questionnaire and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used as the research tool. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using Chi-square test, independent T-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test.<br> <strong>Findings: </strong>One month after the intervention, the scores of the Physical Component Summary (2461.8&plusmn;15.7) and the Mental Component Summary (1873.0&plusmn; 21.6) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the same scores (2283.2&plusmn;279.8) and (1712.6&plusmn;270.5) in the control group (p<0.05). At this time, the score of all Health Domain Scales of SF-36 Health Survey in the intervention group were higher than the same scores in the control group. These differences were significant except for the Role-Physical and Bodily Pain (p<0.05).&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Individual psychotherapy with a focus on self-efficacy is effective on increasing quality of life of patients with thalassemia major. Psychotherapy,Self-Efficacy,Quality of life,Beta-Thalassemia, 49 54 http://jccs.yums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-29-4&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 P. Taheri 10031947532846005429 10031947532846005429 No Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Kh. Nooryan khnooryan@gmail.com 10031947532846005430 10031947532846005430 Yes Psychiatric Nursing Department, Nursing Faculty, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Z. Karimi 10031947532846005431 10031947532846005431 No Operating Room Department, Para- medicine Faculty, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran M. Zoladl 10031947532846005432 10031947532846005432 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran