IMEMR
EMRO
66.92
Index Copernicus
ICICICICICICICIC
Volume 2, Issue 4 (2021)
J Clinic Care Skill 2021, 2(4): 173-179 |
Back to browse issues page
Article Type:
Subject:
History
Received: 2021/11/7 | Accepted: 2021/12/20 | Published: 2022/01/31
Received: 2021/11/7 | Accepted: 2021/12/20 | Published: 2022/01/31
How to cite this article
Malekzadeh M, Mohammadi F, Gholami S A, Hosseini Bensenjan S, Rezaei H. Evaluation of Clinical Communication Skills in Dental Students with Objective Structured Clinical Examination. J Clinic Care Skill 2021; 2 (4) :173-179
URL: http://jccs.yums.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.html
URL: http://jccs.yums.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.html
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Rights and permissions
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
1- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
2- Dental School, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
3- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran ,rezaie.habib1@gmail.com
2- Dental School, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
3- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran ,
Abstract (1585 Views)
Aims: Clinical communication is an essential skill for dental students. One of the best methods for evaluating medical students' achievement and their clinical skills is the Objective Structured Clinical Examination. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical communication skills of dental students of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences based on the Objective Structured Clinical Examination.
Instrument & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 51 students of the School of Dentistry of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Students of the general dental course were selected by the census sampling method. Students were invited through an announcement. The students' clinical communication skills were evaluated using Objective Structured Clinical Examination that in each station were one standardized patient. Students' clinical communication skills were evaluated by four assessors, according to a checklist whose validity had been verified. Collected data entered SPSS software version 24 and analyzed using Pearson correlation and independent t-test.
Findings: The mean score and standard deviation of the clinical communication skills of dental students were 1.97±0.38, which indicates that the clinical communication skills of students are at a medium level. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between clinical communication skills and gender (p≤0.05), and women have better patient-centered skills. The results also showed that communication skills were not associated with average academic grades (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Students' clinical communication skills are not at the desired level.
Instrument & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 51 students of the School of Dentistry of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Students of the general dental course were selected by the census sampling method. Students were invited through an announcement. The students' clinical communication skills were evaluated using Objective Structured Clinical Examination that in each station were one standardized patient. Students' clinical communication skills were evaluated by four assessors, according to a checklist whose validity had been verified. Collected data entered SPSS software version 24 and analyzed using Pearson correlation and independent t-test.
Findings: The mean score and standard deviation of the clinical communication skills of dental students were 1.97±0.38, which indicates that the clinical communication skills of students are at a medium level. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between clinical communication skills and gender (p≤0.05), and women have better patient-centered skills. The results also showed that communication skills were not associated with average academic grades (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Students' clinical communication skills are not at the desired level.
Keywords:
References
1. Trenholm S, Jensen A. Interpersonal communication. 6th edition. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007. [LINK]
2. Windle R, Warren S. Communication Skills [Internet]. Eugene: The Center for Appropriate Dispute Resolution in Special Education [2021 Jul 20]. Available from: https://www.cadreworks.org/resources/communication-skills [LINK]
3. Kim SJ, Kim HH. Impact of communication competence and empathy abilities on interpersonal relationship abilities among dental hygiene students. J Dent Hyg Sci. 2013;13(3):304-13. [LINK]
4. Yoshida T, Milgrom P, Coldwell S. How do U.S. and Canadian dental schools teach interpersonal communication skills? J Dent Educ. 2002;66(11):1281-8. [DOI:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2002.66.11.tb03602.x] [PMID]
5. Wagner J, Arteaga S, D'Ambrosio J, Hodge CE, Ioannidou E, Pfeiffer CA, et al. A patient-instructor program to promote dental students' communication skills with diverse patients. J Dent Educ. 2007;71(12):1554-60. [DOI:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2007.71.12.tb04432.x]
6. Stewart MA. Effective physician-patient communication and health outcomes: A review. CMAJ. 1995;152(9):1423-33. [LINK]
7. Attari Moghadam J, Mokhlespour S, Valizadeh M, Momtazi S, Sharifi F, Ghodrati S, et al. Teaching "Doctor-patient relationship" to the medical student: Assessment of knowledge and satisfaction. J Med Educ Dev. 2010;3(4):26-33. [Persian] [LINK]
8. Hannah A, Millichamp CJ, Ayers KM. A communication skills course for undergraduate dental students. J Dent Educ. 2004;68(9):970-7. [DOI:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2004.68.9.tb03846.x]
9. Drossman DA, Chang L, Deutsch JK, Ford AC, Halpert A, Kroenke K, Nurko S, Ruddy J, Snyder J, Sperber A. A Review of the Evidence and Recommendations on Communication Skills and the Patient-Provider Relationship: A Rome Foundation Working Team Report. Gastroenterology. 2021;161(5):1670-1688.e7 [DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.037] [PMID]
10. Bakker DA, Fitch MI, Gray R, Reed E, Bennett J. Patient-health care provider communication during chemotherapy treatment: The perspectives of women with breast cancer. Patient Educ Couns. 2001;43(1):61-71. [DOI:10.1016/S0738-3991(00)00147-6]
11. Memarpour M, Bazrafkan L, Zarei Z. Assessment of dental students' communication skills with patients. J Adv Med Educ Prof. 2016;4(1):33-8. [LINK]
12. Barrier PA, Li JTC, Jensen NM. Two words to improve physician-patient communication: What else? Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78(2):211-4. [DOI:10.4065/78.2.211] [PMID]
13. Franco CAGDS, Franco RS, Lopes JMC, Severo M, Ferreira MA. Clinical communication skills and professionalism education are required from the beginning of medical training - a point of view of family physicians. BMC Med Educ. 2018;18(1):43. [DOI:10.1186/s12909-018-1141-2] [PMID] [PMCID]
14. White AH. Clinical decision making among fourth-year nursing students: An interpretive study. J Nurs Educ. 2003;42(3):113-20. [DOI:10.3928/0148-4834-20030301-06]
15. Carey JA, Madill A, Manogue M. Communication's skills in dental education: a systematic research review. Eur J Dent Educ. 2010;14(2):69-78. [DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0579.2009.00586.x] [PMID]
16. None Authors. ADEA Competencies for the New General Dentist. J Dent Educ. 2017;81(7):844-7. [DOI:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2017.81.7.tb06299.x] [PMID]
17. Jameel A, Noor SM, Ayub S, Ali SS, Park YS, Tekian A. Feasibility, relevance and effectiveness of teaching and assessment. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015;65(7):721-6. [LINK]
18. Dedy NJ, Bonrath EM, Zevin B, Grantcharov TP. Teaching nontechnical skills in surgical residency: A systematic review of current approaches and outcomes. Surgery. 2013;154(5):1000-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.surg.2013.04.034] [PMID]
19. Broder HL, Janal M, Mitnick DM, Rodriguez JY, Sischo L. Communication skills in dental students: New data regarding retention and generalization of training effects. J Dent Educ. 2015;79(8):940-8. [DOI:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2015.79.8.tb05985.x]
20. Murthy V, Rajaram S, Choudhury S, Sethuraman KR. Are we training enough of communication skills and patient psychology required in dental practice? J ClinDiagn Res. 2017;11(4):ZE01-ZE04. [DOI:10.7860/JCDR/2017/24664.9619] [PMID] [PMCID]
21. Prakash T, Philip JM, Abraham HM, Venkatakrishnan CJ, Chandran CR. Attitude toward dental communication skills among students in a south indian dental college. Drug Invent Today. 2018;10(8);1493-5. [LINK]
22. Fernando N, Cleland J, McKenzie H, Cassar K. Identifying the factors that determine feedback given to undergraduate medical students following formative mini-CEX assessments. Med Ed. 2008;42(1):89-95. [LINK]
23. LeBlanc VR, Tabak D, Kneebone R, Nestel D, MacRae H, Anne Moulton C. Psychometric properties of an integrated assessment of technical and communication skills. Am J Surg. 2009;197(1):96-101. [DOI:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.08.011] [PMID]
24. Van Thiel J, Ram P, Van Dalen J. Maas-Global Manual 2000 [Software] 2003 Jan 30 [2021 Jul 20]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242736510_Maas-Global_Manual_2000 [LINK]
25. Sennekamp M, Gilbert K, Gerlach FM, Guethlin C. Development and validation of the "FrOCK": Frankfurt observer communication checklist. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2012;106(8):595-601. [DOI:10.1016/j.zefq.2012.07.018] [PMID]
26. Makoul G, Krupat E, Chang CH. Measuring patient views of physician communication skills: Development and testing of the communication assessment tool. Patient Educ Couns. 2007;67(3):333-42. [DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2007.05.005] [PMID]
27. Boon H, Stewart M. Patient-physician communication assessment instruments: 1986 to 1996 in review. Patient Educ Couns. 1998;35(3):161-76. [DOI:10.1016/S0738-3991(98)00063-9]
28. Ong LM, De Haes JC, Hoos AM, Lammes FB. Doctor-patient communication: a review of the literature. Soc Sci Med. 1995;40(7):903-18. [DOI:10.1016/0277-9536(94)00155-M]
29. Zill JM, Christalle E, Müller E, Härter M, Dirmaier J, Scholl I. Measurement of physician-patient communication-A systematic review. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e112637 [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0112637] [PMID] [PMCID]
30. Moineau G, Power B, Pion AMJ, Wood TJ, Humphrey-Murto S. Comparison of student examiner to faculty examiner scoring and feedback in an OSCE. Med Educ. 2011;45(2):183-91. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03800.x] [PMID]
31. Iblher P, Zupanic M, Karsten J, Brauer K. May student examiners be reasonable substitute examiners for faculty in an undergraduate OSCE on medical emergencies? Med Teach. 2015;37(4):374-8. [DOI:10.3109/0142159X.2014.956056] [PMID]
32. Bergus GR, Woodhead JC, Kreiter CD. Trained lay observers can reliably assess medical students' communication skills. Med Educ. 2009;43(7):688-94. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03396.x] [PMID]
33. Theaker ED, Kay EJ, Gill S. Development and preliminary evaluation of an instrument designed to assess dental students' communication skills. Br Dent J. 2000;188(1):40-4.
a [DOI:10.1038/sj.bdj.4800382]
34. Wener ME, Schönwetter DJ, Mazurat N. Developing new dental communication skills assessment tools by including patients and other stakeholders. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(12):1527-41. [DOI:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2011.75.12.tb05212.x]
35. Díaz-Narváez V, Coronado A, Bilbao J, González F, Padilla M, Howard M, et al. Empathy levels of dental students of central America and the Caribbean. Health. 2015;7(12):1678-86. [DOI:10.4236/health.2015.712182]
36. Rolfe A, Cash-Gibson L, Car J, Sheikh A, McKinstry B. Interventions for improving patients' trust in doctors and groups of doctors. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(3):CD004134. [DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD004134.pub3] [PMID] [PMCID]
37. Gopichandran V, Chetlapalli SK. Trust in the physician-patient relationship in developing healthcare settings: A quantitative exploration. Indian J Med Ethics. 2015;12(3):141-8. [DOI:10.20529/IJME.2015.043] [PMID]
38. Kazemipoor M, Sattar Boroujeni S, Hakimian R. Patient empathy and related factors in undergraduate and postgraduate dental students. Med Educ Dev. 2018;13(1):59-68. [LINK]
39. Mercer SW, Maxwell M, Heaney D, Watt GCM. The consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure: development and preliminary validation and reliability of an empathy-based consultation process measure. Fam Pract. 2004;21(6):699-705. [DOI:10.1093/fampra/cmh621] [PMID]
40. Willis J, Todorov A. First impressions: Making up your mind after a 100-ms exposure to a face. Psychol Sci. 2006;17(7):592-8. [DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01750.x] [PMID]
41. Jabarifar SE, Khalifesoltani F, Nilchian F, Yosefi A, Hosseinpour K. Empathy levels in undergraduate and postgraduate dental students in Isfahan faculty of dentistry in 2011. J Isfahan Dent Sch. 2012;7(5):753-62. [LINK]
42. Barati M, Moeini B, Samavati A, Salehi O. Assessment of communication skills level among medical college students: Verbal, listening, and feedback skills. Nurs Midwifery J. 2012;10(2):145-54. [Persian] [LINK]
43. King A, Hoppe RB. "Best practice" for patient-centered communication: A narrative review. J Grad Med Educ. 2013;5(3):385-93. [DOI:10.4300/JGME-D-13-00072.1] [PMID] [PMCID]
44. Rao JK, Weinberger M, Kroenke K. Visit-specific expectations and patient-centered outcomes: A literature review. Arch Fam Med. 2000;9(10):1148-55. [DOI:10.1001/archfami.9.10.1148] [PMID]
45. Zaharias G, Piterman L, Liddell M. Doctors and patients: Gender interaction in the consultation. Acad Med. 2004;79(2):148-55. [DOI:10.1097/00001888-200402000-00011] [PMID]
46. Roter DL, Hall JA, Aoki Y. Physician gender effects in medical communication: A meta-analytic review. JAMA. 2002;288(6):756-64. [DOI:10.1001/jama.288.6.756] [PMID]
47. Epstein R, Street RL. Patient-centered communication in cancer care: Promoting healing and reducing suffering. Rockville: National Cancer Institute; 2007. p: 1-137. [DOI:10.1037/e481972008-001]
48. Stein T, Frankel RM, Krupat E. Enhancing clinician communication skills in a large healthcare organization: A longitudinal case study. Patient Educ Couns. 2005;58(1):4-12. [DOI:10.1016/j.pec.2005.01.014] [PMID]
49. Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Farewell V, Saul J, Duffy A, Eves R. Efficacy of a cancer research UK communication skills training model for oncologists: A randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9307):650-6. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07810-8]
50. Keyton J, Caputo JM, Ford EA, Fu R, Leibowitz SA, Liu T, et al. Investigating verbal workplace communication behaviors. J Bus Commun. 2013;50(2):152-69. [DOI:10.1177/0021943612474990]
51. Doherty L. Terms of endearment. Nurs Stand. 2008;23(13):13. [DOI:10.7748/ns.23.13.13.s21]
52. Kacperck L. Non-verbal communication: The importance of listening. Br J Nurs. 1997;6(5):275-9. [DOI:10.12968/bjon.1997.6.5.275] [PMID]
53. Nisly SA, Howard ML, Isaacs AN, Trujillo T. Association between application scores and positive onsite interviews of pharmacy residency applicants. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2014;71(24):2110-3. [DOI:10.2146/ajhp140416] [PMID]
54. Kana F. Investigation of pre-service teachers' communication skills. Int J Educ Res. 2015;6(3):34-42. [LINK]
55. Sohrabi Z, Salehi K, Rezaie H, Haghani F. The implementation of direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) in Iran's universities of medical sciences: A systematic review. Iran J Med Educ. 2016;16:407-17. [Persian] [LINK]
56. Rezaei H, Dehghani N, Tahmasebi M. A Guide to Medical Teachers for Analysis Distractors Options. Int J Pharm Res. 2020;12(1):57-60. [DOI:10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.01.028]